25 Pfennig, Stadt Mainbernheim, 1920

Notgeld began in 1914 out of necessity: coin vanished into hoards within weeks of mobilisation and towns printed their own small change because the Reichsbank could not supply enough.

By 1920 it had become something else. The shortage was easing but the collector market was not, and a town could take real marks for paper it hoped would never be presented. So the municipalities commissioned Serienscheine: lithographed sets, printed far beyond any local need, illustrated with whatever the place was proud of - a legend, a famous son, a battle, a joke in dialect. The result is the most inventive body of graphic design in the history of paper money, made by places with a few thousand inhabitants, in the years when Germany's currency was dying.

Mainbernheim is a small walled town in Lower Franconia. Its December 1920 notes are silhouettes, and the twenty-five is about rationing: a queue of women and children winds across the whole reverse towards the town, under the announcement heute von 1 bis 3 Uhr sind auf dem Rathause die Brotmarken zu holen - today between one and three the bread cards are to be collected at the town hall.