50 Pfennig, Stadt Greiffenberg in Schlesien, 1920

Notgeld began in 1914 out of necessity: coin vanished into hoards within weeks of mobilisation and towns printed their own small change because the Reichsbank could not supply enough.

By 1920 it had become something else. The shortage was easing but the collector market was not, and a town could take real marks for paper it hoped would never be presented. So the municipalities commissioned Serienscheine: lithographed sets, printed far beyond any local need, illustrated with whatever the place was proud of - a legend, a famous son, a battle, a joke in dialect. The result is the most inventive body of graphic design in the history of paper money, made by places with a few thousand inhabitants, in the years when Germany's currency was dying.

The fifty carries the best motto in this collection, set across the face in two lines:

Goldner Friede - Silbertaler. Eisern Krieg - papiernes Geld.

Golden peace, silver talers; iron war, paper money. Four words on each side of a dash, and the whole monetary history of 1914 to 1920 in them.